Cylinder oe internal-combustion engine



Oct. 11. 1927. I

Filed Feb. 18. 1926 Illll Patented'Oct. ll ,"1927.

Lenses- JUNITEDST Ajpgais, s ssis orfric E i 'rolvr TnonnYoRorn or 'wnsriviiivsrnn, en m s;

-- I CYLINDER or 'rnrnnnsneooivrnusrron ENGINE. l1

. Application filed .rebruar s, 1926, Serial No. same/11m inGi'eat Britain April 25, 925. j 7

- 7 vvithqthe objectyo'ii obtaining increased the: cylinders of such enginehave been provided, (at their combustion ends'with heads 5 or covers formedwith combustionchambers r cavities designed to produce. turbulence of the combustible mixture of theiuel and ,air employed, at the end of the compression found that this gives rise topiston slap and lubrication troubles.-

to provide a cylinder With a head or cover having thereln a combust on chamber or 1 cavity so constructed that-aturbulent state ofthe mixture" of fuel and] air admittedv outlet port or passage thereof communicates with the cylinder over the crown of the so iston therein in such amanner that the combustiblecharge admitted to the-turbit lence chamber creasing, andf thencetofithe cylinder, will, during its compression and. ignition, cause 'practically'no tendency of the piston to rock within the cylinder.

Such a turbulence chamber or cavity can be variously constructed to Y attain the end in view. p

In the accompanying illustrative d rawings, Fig. 1 is a section on the line .1-l of Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 a section of the line 22 of Fig. 1, of part of an engine cylinderwith combustion heador cover with a turbulence chamber embodying the 'present in of additional cross sections of the turbulence chamber taken on the successive lines 5, 5 5, 5 '5 from left to rightoiiFig. l.

' In this construction, an engine cylinder is is provided with a combustion head or cover 5 6 having therein anopen bottom turbulence chamber a of gradually decreasing cross 'sec- The present invention has for its object tion of a sparking plum line 44 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows a number I tionajl area tromcitsinlet end al which isf eliiciency ofan nternal combustlon eng ne, r

(Figs-1 and 2 to its outlet end c flwhich a is comparatively narrow compared. with, the

diameter of the piston and extends .dia metrically, symmetrically and entirely across the end of the cylinder {a and the piston f therein. By thisconstruction thereof) are two similar and opposite segmental shaped areas *of c. the cylinder end covered bysthe combustion" head ,6 so'that. air .and

combustible gasor vapouradmitted' to, the ,1

cylinder on the suction stroke" will, when the piston nearly completes its compression 1 stroke, be compressed. and be violently stirredup by their ejection inopposite directions from the narrow' spaces between the piston-and the combustion head and through the outlet opening 0 of; -,the turbu-' .lence chamber. As seen in cross section, the. I

mote endc and blendinginto the part cir-;

cular; portions which also blend one intof.

a concave line. Such a combustion head is provided, as usual, with a hole :72, opening into the turbulencechamber c for the recep- WVith a turbulence chamber constructed as described, the piston will'haveno tendency to rock during compression'and ignition of a charge and cause lubrication trouble, and anincreased efficiency, as regards power and fuel consumption, will be obtained.

What I claim is I 1 1,. A combined cylindeigcombustion head and working piston for an internal combustion engine, said combustion head having therem a: turbulence chamber extending of the cylinder through a diametrically and U symmetrically arranged out-let of less Width than the. diameter of thecylinder and ex- 90 'the'other at'the oppositeside, it may be by;

tending entirely cylinder.

2. A combined cylinder, combustion head and working piston for an internal combustion engine, said combustion head having therein a turbulence chamber of gradually decreasing cross sectional area from its inlet end located to one side of said cylinder to its outlet end which communicates with said cylinder through an outlet that extends diametrically, symmetrically and entirely across the end of the cylinder and is of less width than the diameter of the cylinder.

3. A combined cylinder, combustion head and Working pistons, according to claim 2, wherein the turbulence chamber within the combustion head is of concave shape in cross section.

4:. Acombined cylinder, combustion head and Working piston according to claim 2, wherein the turbulence chamber within the combustion head is of concave shape in longitudinal section at its inlet end, located to one side of the cylinder, and merges into an inclined line terminating at the side of the cylinder remote from the inlet side and above the piston in said cylinder.

5. A combined cylinder, combustion head and working piston for an external combustion engine, and fuel inlet and exhaust valves located at the outer side of said cylinder, the said combustion chamber having therein a turbulence chamber that is of cur vilinear shape in plan and comprises two part circular portions blending one into the other and located respectively above the said fuel inlet and exhaust valves and constituting the inlet end of the said chamber,and a centrally disposed lateral outlet portion of less Width than the inlet portion and of less width than the diameter of the cylinder, said outlet portion blending into said part circular portions and extending diametriacross the diameter of the cally across the adjacent end of the said cylinder.

6. For an internal combustion engine having a cylinder and a working piston therein, a combustion head having therein a turbulence chamber of greater horizontal length than the diameter of the engine cylinder r with which the said combustion head is to be used and of gradually decreasing cross sectional area from its inlet end to its outlet end, its outlet end being of less width than the diameter of the said cylinder and adapted to extend diametrically across the said cylinder when the combustion head is applied thereto.

7 F or an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder and a working piston therein, a combustion head having a central longitudinally disposed turbulence chamber therein of concave shape in cross section and of gradually decreasing cross sectional area from its inlet end port-ion to its outlet end portion, the latter portion being of less width than the diameter of the engine cylinder with which the combustion head is to be used and arranged to extend diametrically across the end of the said cylinder.

8. For an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder and a working piston therein, a combustion head having a central longitudinally disposed turbulence chamber therein of concave shape in cross section and of gradually decreasing cross sectional area and width from its inlet end portion to its outlet end portion, the latter portion being of less width than the diameter of the engine cylinder with which the combustion head is to be used and arranged to extend diametrically across the end of the said cylinder.

Signed at London, England, this fifth day of February, 1926.

A TOM THORN'YCROFT. 

